[55] A government of India estimate, shared in the country's Parliament in August 2011, puts the recoverable reserve at 846,477 tonnes. Andhra Pradesh is the seventh-largest state of India. It is mostly white in color and occurs as bladed or needle like crystals. The highways in the state are also being widened. In the coastal plain, the summer temperatures are generally higher than the rest of the state, with temperature ranging between 20 and 41 °C (68 and 106 °F). While GAIL's domination in natural gas transmission and allocation is not ensured by statute, it will continue to be the leading player in the sector because of its existing natural gas infrastructure.[21]. Madhya Pradesh: Mineral Wealth. [183], Andhra Pradesh has one of the country's largest port at Visakhapatnam in terms of cargo handling. [24][25] The Assaka Mahajanapada (700–300 BCE) was an ancient kingdom located between the Godavari and Krishna Rivers in southeastern India accounts that people in the region are descended from the Viswamitra are found in the Ramayana, the Mahabharata and the Puranas. So from 2012 onwards, mining of these minerals are to be done after clearance from the Ministry of Environment and Forests. The coastal plains are for the most part of delta regions formed by the Godavari, Krishna, and Penner Rivers. The state is well connected to other states through road and rail networks. In 2009-2010, India produced about 226 million tons of iron ore and exported about 117.37 million tons. "Andhra" redirects here. [87] Tamil, Kannada and Odia are spoken in border-areas. Natural vegetation (flora) and animal life (fauna) depend mainly on climate, relief, and soil. The principal regions producing iron ore in the country include Tamil Nadu, Rajasthan, Kerala, Andhra Pradesh, Maharashtra, Goa, Odisha, Jharkhand, Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh, and Chhattisgarh. A group of people named Andhras was mentioned in Sanskrit texts such as Aitareya Brahmana (800–500 BCE). This project in Roads & Highways sub-sector involves Rehabilitation and Upgrading of Road and offers an Contractor. Total in situ reserves (all grades) of lead and zinc ores are 231 million tonnes comprising metal content of 5.1 million tonnes of lead and 17.02 million tonnes of zinc metal. There are two main rivers namely, Krishna and Godavari, that flow through the state. Mining is identified as one of the growth engines for the overall development of industry and infrastructure. [52] In India, copper scrap is recycled to make 4 wheeled cycles, which is a hazardous process.[27]. ... Biodiversity is an element of the natural resource base, whichis one of the main components of eco - ... types of changes; the most common being transitions The most exported marine exports include Vannamei shrimp[123] and are expected to cross billion in 2013–2014.[124]. Other than construction, it is used in Paint and Agricultural lime.[49]. It is preferred for flooring because of its durability and water resistance. The Government of Andhra Pradesh (the "State Government") vide its order no. Vemana is notable for his philosophical poems. It is available as hydrothermal deposits. . [180] The railway station of Shimiliguda was the first highest broad gauge railway station in the country. [21] India imports small amounts of natural gas. The state has varied topography ranging from the hills of Eastern Ghats and Nallamala Hills to the shores of Bay of Bengal that support varied ecosystems, the rich diversity of flora and fauna. Sricity located in Chittoor district is an integrated business city which is home to firms including PepsiCo, Isuzu Motors, Cadbury India, Kellogg's, Colgate-Palmolive, Kobelco etc. [68] Meanwhile, the French occupied Yanam, in the Godavari delta, and (save for periods of British control) would hold it until 1954. It was reconquered by Vijayanagara who overthrew sultanate rule across the entirety of modern-day Andhra Pradesh (excluding Telangana). Major resources of copper are available at Rajasthan, Madhya pradesh and Jharkhand. info)) is a state in the south-eastern coastal region of India. India is one of the largest reserves. After Potti Sreeramulu's death, the Telugu-speaking area of Andhra State was carved out of Madras State on 1 October 1953, with Kurnool as its capital city. The state's natural attractions include the beaches of Visakhapatnam, hill stations such as the Araku Valley and Horsley Hills, and the delta of Konaseema in the Godavari River delta. [182] The state has four other domestic airports, Rajahmundry Airport, Cuddapah Airport, a privately owned, public use airport at Puttaparthi, and Tirupati Airport located in the city of Tirupati. Experiencing Nature - Andhra Pradesh. [49] The Eastern Chalukyas of Vengi, whose dynasty lasted for around five hundred years from the 7th century until 1130 CE, eventually merged with the Chola Empire. Especially forest fire in these areas has laid stress on the fragile forest eco- The Vijayanagara emperor Krishnadevaraya wrote Amuktamalyada. Economic development of any region leads to exploitation and depletion of its natural resources, creates pollution, and destroys the ambient environment. Nallamala Range Lush forest cover in the Nallamala Range of the Eastern Ghats, eastern Andhra Pradesh, India. [42], It is a compound of iron and titanium. 7 Some Important Tourist Places in Visakhapatnam District, Andhra Pradesh 28 The state is endowed with fertile soil, perennial rivers, good forest cover, and good mineral deposits. [56] The Indian Minister of State V. Narayanasamy stated that as of May 2013, the country's thorium reserves were 11.93 million tonnes (monazite, having 9-10% ThO2[57]), with a significant majority (8.59 Mt; 72%) found in the three eastern coastal states of Andhra Pradesh (3.72 Mt; 31%), Tamil Nadu (2.46 Mt; 21%) and Odisha (2.41 Mt; 20%). It entered the Guinness World Records for performing Mahabrinda Natyam with a total of 6,117 In this broad sense natural resources include land, water, forests, fisheries and animals, mineral ores and sources of energy like coal, petroleum, gas and uranium, etc. [7] The primary and secondary school education is imparted by government, aided and private schools, managed and regulated by the School Education Department of the state. The literacy rate of the state stands at 67.41%. [33] The region is also home to a variety of other pilgrimage centres, such as the Pancharama Kshetras, Mallikarjuna Jyotirlinga and Kodanda Rama Temple. The major amount of hematite is found in Orissa, Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh, Karnataka and Goa. Air, water, food, plants, animals, minerals, metals, and everything else that exists in nature and has utility to mankind is a ‘Resource’. According to the Aitareya Brahmana, the Andhras left North India from the banks of river Yamuna and migrated to South India. 2Department of Geology, Andhra University, Waltair, 530003, India Abstract: Guntur district in Andhra Pradesh falls under one of the fire risk zones, which cover the forest ranges of Sattenapalli, Vinukonda, Macharla, Repalle, Wild-life Krishna and Sagar. Natural resources are useful raw materials that we get from the Earth. In 1947, Vizianagaram was the largest Hindu princely state in Andhra Pradesh. The service sector of the state accounts more percentage of the GSDP with a total of ₹1,305.87 billion (US$18 billion). India's lunar orbiter Chandrayaan-1 was launched from the centre at 6:22 AM IST on 22 October 2008. He later served as president of India.[106][107]. 19 February 1804. A thing becomes resource only when it is used by humans to perform a function. [134] PHES projects also has synergy with the lift irrigation projects in storing water available during the monsoon season and supplying to the uplands throughout the year. In 1983, the Telugu Desam Party (TDP) won the state elections and N. T. Rama Rao became the chief minister of the state for the first time. Iron ore. India is the world's third biggest exporter of iron ore as of 2013. Telugu literature after Kandukuri Veeresalingam is termed as Adhunika Telugu Sahityam (Modern Telugu literature). [184] The other famous ports are Krishnapatnam Port (Nellore), Gangavaram Port and Kakinada Port. The Nizam wanted to retain the independence of the Princely Hyderabad State from India, but the people of the region launched a movement to join the Indian Union. [214], Krishnam Raju Gadiraju of Bhimavaram, Andhra Pradesh, is a four-time world record holder. It is chemically inert, has high melting point and low electrical conductivity. The three minerals are calcined to form mullite. Distribution of various forest types within the country is given in Table-II. [195] The mediums of instruction are primarily Telugu and English with a very few opting for Urdu, Hindi, Kannada, Odia and Tamil. With a long seacoast along the Bay of Bengal, it also has many ports for sea trade. Exploring the Potentials of Community-Based Natural Resource Management for Benefiting Local Communities: Policies and Practice in Four Communities in Andhra Pradesh, India. [36] In 2007–08, India produced 8,73,000 tonnes. 84 bridges. These 13 districts are further divided into 50 revenue divisions. Since the state has a long coastal belt the winters are not very cold. The Telugu Desam Party won both the assembly and Lok Sabha election in 1999 under the leadership of Chandrababu Naidu. Eastern Ghats of Kurnool District, Andhra Pradesh, India and options for adaptation. The industrial sector of the state includes some of the key sectors like pharmaceutical, automobile, textiles etc. India has a long history of practising agriculture which could be traced back to the Indus valley civilization period. [27] Early peoples supported local art culture by building temples and sculptures of the Buddhist monuments in the state. Musunuri Nayaks led a confederation of Nayakas to overthrow the rule of the Delhi Sultanate in Telugu lands. Prolaya Vema Reddi was part of the confederation of states that started a movement against the invading Turkic Muslim armies of the Delhi Sultanate. 36,914 sq.km. India is the World's fourth largest zinc reserve as in 2013. Awareness generation - Andhra Pradesh. [149][150], Many composers of Carnatic music like Annamacharya, Kshetrayya, and Bhadrachala Ramadas were of Telugu descent. Andhra Pradesh state comprises of mainly four vegetation types, the forest, along the coast, in aquatic zones and waste lands and weed vegetation. After the unification with Telangana, Neelam Sanjiva Reddy became the first chief minister. The Government of Andhra Pradesh established Rajiv Gandhi University of Knowledge Technologies (RGUKT) in 2008 to cater to the education needs of the rural youth of Andhra Pradesh. In the last elections held in the unified state in 2014, the TDP got a mandate in their favour in the residuary (new) state. [22][23], Early inhabitants were known as the Andhras, tracing their history to the Vedic period when they were mentioned in the 8th century BCE Rigvedic text Aitareya Brahmana. July to September is the season for tropical rains. Most magnetite is found in Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Rajasthan and Tamil Nadu. There are two cities with more than one million inhabitants, namely Visakhapatnam and Vijayawada. In an effort to gain an independent state based on linguistic identity, and to protect the interests of the Telugu-speaking people of Madras State, Potti Sreeramulu fasted to death in 1952. Andhra Pradesh hosted 121.8 million visitors in 2015, a 30% growth in tourist arrivals over the previous year, making it the third most-visited state in India. It is resistant to chemical exposure. [193] The Directorate of Government Examinations of the state administers and conduct the Secondary School Certificate (SSC) examination. [28], India is the world's third biggest exporter of iron ore as of 2013. India's oil reserves, found in Bombay High off the coast of Maharashtra, Gujarat, Rajasthan and in eastern Assam meet 25% of the country's demand. Nannayya, Tikkana and Yerrapragada form the trinity who translated the Sanskrit epic Mahabharata into Telugu language. Minerals found in the state include limestone, reserves of oil and natural gas, manganese, asbestos, iron ore, ball clay, fire clay, gold diamonds, graphite, dolomite, quartz, tungsten, steatitic, feldspar, silica sand. Metallic minerals are the minerals which contain one or more metallic elements. [93], Buddhism spread to Andhra Pradesh early in its history. Neem gum is used as a bulking agent. Visakhapatnam district has the largest urban population of 47.5% and Srikakulam district with 83.8%, has the largest rural population, among others districts in the state. Man-made canals help … Around 24.02 percent of the total geographical area consists of forests. Reliance Industries, a privately owned Indian company, also has a role in the natural gas sector as a result of a large natural gas find in 2002 in the Krishna Godavari basin. Chromium provides additional strength to the alloys and it is resistant to corrosion, so it is mainly used in metallurgical applications. The original/undivided state of Andhra Pradesh was first among the states to be formed on linguistic basis on 1st November 1956. According to the Polavaram ordinance bill 2014, 7 mandals of Khammam district in Telangana state merged with Andhra Pradesh to facilitate Polavaram project, due to which population of 247,515 added to Andhra Pradesh. As per EIA data, India produced 996 billion cubic feet (2.82×1010 m3) of natural gas in 2004. So, it is necessary to take measures to reduce air pollution. [79] The diversity of fauna includes tigers, panthers, hyenas, black bucks, cheetals, sambars, sea turtles and a number of birds and reptiles. The mineral in chromium-garnet group is uvarovite. The Kadapa Basin[76][77][better source needed] formed by two arching branches of the Eastern Ghats is a mineral-rich area. Unlike evergreen and deciduous forests, the vegetation in thorn forests and scrubs is restricted to thorn plants and scrubs due to scanty rainfall. [78] The forest in the state can be broadly divided into four major biotic provinces. Rock-cut Buddha statue at Bojjannakonda near Anakapalle, Visakhapatnam. [39] It is mined by opencast method. As of 2010, India had 56 million tonnes of this resource. Water: 70% of the Earth is covered in water and only 2 % of that is freshwater. Local power plants of 9,600 MW capacity only are supplying electricity in the state, which includes Simhadri Super Thermal Power Plant (2000 MW) of NTPC, Vizag Thermal Power Station (1040 MW), Rayalaseema Thermal Power Station (1650 MW), Sri Damodaram Sanjeevaiah Thermal Power Station (1600 MW), and Vijayawada Thermal Power Plant (1760 MW). [72] The new state of Telangana came into existence on 2 June 2014 after approval from the President of India. English newspapers include Deccan Chronicle and The Hans India. [129], Andhra Pradesh is listed at the top in the deposit and production of mica in India. [61] The Lepakshi group of monuments are culturally and archaeologically significant as it is the location of shrines dedicated to Shiva, Vishnu, and Veerabhadra which were built during the Vijayanagara Kings' period (1336–1646). [88][89] The Minister of Tourism and Culture has declared Telugu a Classical Language. The Ghats become more pronounced towards the south and extreme north of the coast. It is used as a semi-precious stone and also in abrasives, sand blasting, water filtration materials and water jet cutting. Major Fish species available are carp, catfish, murrel and Weed fish. It is important for several biological processes and essential for plant growth. Amaravati might have been a regional centre for the Mauryan rule. He is known as Gadya Tikkana and was the author of Telugu social novel, Satyavati Charitam. [53], The Department of Atomic Energy (DAE) recently discovered that the upcoming mine in Tumalapalli has close to 49,000 tonnes of uranium reserves. Forestry contribute a significant amount in nation's economy. [79] They are: Eastern Ghats region is home to dense tropical forests, while the vegetation becomes sparse as the Ghats give way to the Deccan Plateau, where shrub vegetation is more common. "[95], The region played a central role in the development of Mahayana Buddhism, along with the Magadha-area in northeastern India. [179] Visakhapatnam railway station has been declared the cleanest railway station in the country. The types of zinc ores include sulfide, carbonate, silicate and oxide. Andhra Pradesh with varied geological formations, contain rich and variety of industrial minerals and building stones. Humpy Koneru, from Gudivada in Krishna district, is an Indian chess Grandmaster. [22] Environmental impact of mining these minerals was significant over a period of time even the area was small. [196], Higher education in the state is administered by the Department of Higher Education. Tirupati with ₹693 million (US$9.7 million) and Kakinada with ₹615 million (US$8.6 million) stand next. In Andhra Pradesh, out of 432 projects, 367 were implemented by government organizations and 65 by NGOs (Non-Government Organizations). [20] It is also known as the "rice bowl of India" for being a major producer of rice in India. Substituting chemical fertilisers and ... Andhra Pradesh, India. [12] It is the seventh-largest state by area covering an area of 162,975 km2 (62,925 sq mi)[6] and tenth-most populous state with 49,386,799 inhabitants. The 1989 elections ended the rule of Rao, with Eluru, Amaravathi and Puranisangam [ 90,... Ruled Andhra Pradesh early in its coastal districts such as sunflower and peanuts popular... Indian rivers more than 400 species of fish are found in Madhya Pradesh ( excluding )... A hillock known as the Burra katha and Poli are still performed today Indian rivers more than 400 species fish. 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