The Bonaparte family was appalled by the marriage, which occurred on March 9, 1796. Percier and Fontaine are known for their use of cheval glass and the use of a feminine, softer feel for the pieces used in the boudoir of the Empress. Years later, I was using her phone when I made an utterly chilling discovery. Empress . Josphines place in the world now seemed secure. Some claim Napoleon and Josephine were still secretly in love, though it is impossible to verify this.[23]. Her father was a manager of a plantation there having retired from French naval service. He had to move from Ohio to Oklahoma and help his father at the oilfield. But some historians have questions about Vidocqs miraculous solve. There were no other injuries and the party proceeded to the Opra.[17]. He immediately stopped writing gushy love letters to Josephine and got back at her by giving his wife a taste of her own medicine. She became the first French female royal collector of this scale, leading in the Consular and Empire Style.[33]. Even so, Napoleon was madly in love with his older woman. Josephines marriages didnt give her the passionate love affair she desired, so shortly after her second marriage, when Napoleon and his troops marched to Italy, she began to look for a new lover. Describing how Hortense helped to reconcile Napoleon to an unfaithful Josephine on his return from . It turned out that their original wedding was full of lies, letting Napoleon claim that the marriage itself didnt count. Catherine of Aragon is now infamous as King Henry VIIIs rejected queenbut few people know her even darker history. Alexandre abandoned his family for over a year to live with a mistress and frequented brothels, leading to a court-ordered separation during which Josphine and the children lived at Alexandre's expense in the Pentemont Abbey. It was a terrible time for her, and the only thing that kept her going were the secret notes she would get from her children. When Alexandres affairs showed no signs of slowing down, the couple decided to separate. In the 1800s, doctors attempted to replace rotten teeth by way of tooth implants. The accusations, pleas and shouting lasted for hours, but by dawn they were in each other's arms again. Above: Josephine, first wife of Napoleon Bonaparte, was described as dark-haired and dark-eyed, with a clear complexion and delicate figure - not beautiful, but truly graceful and charming, generous and good-hearted. Omissions? After Josephine's death in 1814 the house was vacant at times, the garden and house ransacked and vandalised, and the garden's remains were destroyed in a battle in 1870. On December 14, 1809, Napoleon made history by divorcing his great love, Empress Josephine. [citation needed], Marie-Josphe-Rose Tascher de La Pagerie was born in Les Trois-lets, Martinique, to a wealthy French family who owned a sugarcane plantation, which is now a museum. It is a twice-daily, intentional routine to maintain good oral health and help prevent further decay. At dinner on 30 November 1809, he let Josphine know thatin the interest of Francehe must find a wife who could produce an heir. Did Josephine Bonaparte have rotten teeth? [5] In June 1795, a new law allowed her to recover the possessions of Alexandre. He claimed his next wedding would be to a womb. Lets hope Napoleon didnt tell his second wife, the archduchess Marie-Louise of Austria, about that ice-cold disclaimer. I tried to get my ex-wife served with divorce papers. [1] After marrying Napoleon and becoming Empress she was surrounded by the works of the time, however Josephine also appreciated the works of old masters. On 10 January 1810 the Emperor Napoleon Bonaparte divorced the Empress Josephine. Josphine's baptism was administered by Emmanuel Capuchin at Les Trois-lets, but the registry only stated she had been baptised there, not born. Josphine's father owned an estate in Soufrire District called Malmaison, the name of her famous French residence. She hid them for her entire life, teaching herself to laugh with her mouth closed and speaking behind a handkerchief when she entered the public eye. Through her children by Beauharnais, she was the grandmother of the French emperor Napoleon III and the Brazilian empress Amlie of Leuchtenberg. The botanist Claude Antoine Thory, who wrote the descriptions for Redout's paintings in Les Roses, noted that Josephine's Bengal rose R. indica had black spots on it. 455 pp. That was the year she met Napoleon, who preferred to call her Josephine. These pieces were unique for the time and appreciated for their creativity. When he cooed over a portrait of his bride and constantly kept it safe in his pocket, apparently Josephine never bothered to look at paintings of her husband. On the marriage certificate, Josphine reduced her age by 4 years and increased Napoleon's by 18 months, making the newly-weds appear to be roughly the same age. She is widely known as Josphine de Beauharnais (French:[ozefin d boan]). [21] Napoleon once remarked that despite her quick infatuation with him "It is a womb that I am marrying". Alternate titles: Josphine Bonaparte, Marie-Josphe-Rose Tascher de la Pagerie, Marie-Josphe-Rose, vicomtesse de Beauharnais. Josphine, the eldest daughter of Joseph Tascher de La Pagerie, an impoverished aristocrat who had a commission in the navy, lived the first 15 years of her life on the island of Martinique. Visiting her wardrobe collection in the Chateau de Malmaison is a fascinating exploration into the mind of France's Empress. She was no beauty, her teeth were rotten, and she was six years older than her husband, but one twitch of her skirt could bring running the man who terrorised Europe. Los Angeles: The J. PaulGetty museum, 2005, 34. Josphine was an actress, her greatest role that of the beautiful consort, adorned in diamonds and fabulous gowns, the . She was buried in the nearby church of Saint Pierre-Saint Paul[24] in Rueil. Others were donated to Josephine over time, but they did not respond well to the European climate and at the time of Josephine's death at Malmaison in 1814, only one remained alive. did josephine bonaparte have rotten teeth. Apparently, Josephine would research her romantic options, or rather the thickness of their wallets, before getting into anything serious. This slight technical irregularity, which seems to have been premeditated, enabled him to dispose of Josphine without having to resort to a divorce, which would have displeased both the church and the Austrian emperor. But even in her chambers, Josephine couldnt hide her pain. Their fiery passion would burn for yearsuntil it all unravelled in a spectacular mess. The work took several sittings between Gros and Napoleon and would be named "General Bonaparte at the Bridge of Arcole, November 17th,1796." And the bad news just kept coming. Dancer with Hands on Hips was praised by the art community because it was not based on any specific ancient sculpture, but with a classical spin, making it a completely original sculpture. According to this story, the family lived there until 1771, when the father went to serve as intendant of Martinique. March 24, 2013 -- The engagement ring the young Napoleon "must have broken his wallet" to buy for his fiancee Josephine shattered expectations today at the Osenat auction . This showed his rejection of the clergy as the power of Europe. Because she did not bear Napoleon any children, he had their marriage annulled and married Marie Louise of Austria. Empress Josphine de Beauharnais was Napoleon's first wife and the first Empress of the French. Napoleon often dictated his letters to secretaries, however, he wrote letters to his lovers by hand. She was born to a wealthy white family that owned a sugar plantation in Martinique. Thats when Napoleon made a brutal choice. Napoleon's sister Caroline Bonaparte was also a student there, as was Hortense's cousin milie de Beauharnais and James Monroe's daughter Eliza.. Gable decided to become an actor when he was just 16 years old, but he soon had to postpone his dream after his stepmother died. The statesman wrote her a tremendous amount of love letters and proposed to her not even a year after meeting. Josephine endured the horrendous Carmes prison for almost one hundred days. Josephine was born on June 23, 1763, in Martinique, a Creole. In February 1797, he wrote: You to whom nature has given spirit, sweetness, and beauty, you who alone can move and rule my heart, you who know all too well the absolute empire you exercise over it! However, Josephine rarely wrote back and when she did, her letters were dry and often tepid. Apparently, the rebellious couple invited Jean-Lambert Tallien and his wife into their bed as well. Instead, they suspect a far more disturbing option: Josephine herself. Perhaps, because of her promiscuity, she wanted . The most attractive depictions, I think, are the busts by Chinard and the sketch by Prud'hon -- which agree in most details. After buying the Chteau de Malmaison, Josephine had a blank canvas to showpiece her art and style and used it to create salons, galleries, a theater and her famous garden. Poor dental hygiene. [15] Josphine had delayed the party while getting a new silk shawl draped correctly, and Napoleon went ahead in the first carriage. The meeting took place in secret, at the This was unknown to Empress Marie Louise, who . Josephine was the original material girl. Once again, her awful first husband had led Josephine into a brutal situation. Hortense, her daughter by Alexandre Beauharnais, married a deeply inappropriate person: Napoleons brother Louis. At 32, Josephine was a scandalous six years older than 26-year-old Napoleon, meaning their romance made jaws drop all over France. In 1795, she met Napoleon Bonaparte, six years her junior, and became his mistress. She was born on the family sugar plantation near Trois Islets, a village across. Los Angeles: The J. PaulGetty museum, 2005, 1. The devastated wife immediately fell to the palaces floors. Josphine de Beauharnais. She was no beauty, her teeth were rotten, and she was six years older than her husband, but one twitch of her skirt could bring running the man who terrorised Europe. This made her the first Empress of the French. Dom Daviot, parish priest in Gros Islet, wrote a letter to one of his friends in 1802 stating that "it is in the vicinity of [his] parish that the wife of the first consul was born". In recent years, historians noticed that every portrait of Empress Josephine contains an utterly heartbreaking detail. A later Empress of France, Eugenie, wife of Napoleon III was an exception to that rule: she used her American dentist to help her escape from Paris after . A year or so after Dermide's death, around 1805, Camillo commissioned the famous Italian neoclassical sculptor Antonio Canova to depict Pauline Bonaparte as the goddess Diana fully clothed, but, instead, Napoleon's pleasure-loving sister Pauline insisted on a practically nude version of Venus. Biografia Nascimento e primeiro casamento. Subsequent French hybridizers created over 1000 new rose cultivars in the 30 years following Josephine's death. The 1814 painting and perhaps the one by Grard suggest a fuller face than the rest, which indicate more of a V-shape. Please submit feedback to contribute@factinate.com. To this day, the head of the statue is missing. Why? Empress Josephine simply could not understand much of what her beau wrote. She had a mouth full of rotten teeth and was constantly . When Napoleon crowned himself Emperor of the French at the hands of Pope Pius VII in 1804, he officially had Josephine proclaimed Empress as well. Answer (1 of 3): Josephine was born on June 23, 1763, in Martinique, a Creole. A nanny named Dede actually nursed and raised Josephine when she was a baby. Gros would go on to paint other portraits of Napoleon, which always portrayed him as a fierce conqueror, propagating the image of Napoleon as powerful and unstoppable. She was no beauty, her teeth were rotten, and she was six years older than her husband, but one twitch of her skirt could bring running the man who terrorised Europe. Her nose was small and straight, and her mouth was well-formed; however she kept it closed most of the time so as not to reveal her bad teeth. [citation needed] It is known that Josephine did not love Napoleon as much as he loved her, and that it took her years before she warmed to his affections. [18], When after a few years it became clear she could not have a child, Napoleon, while still loving Josphine, began to think about the possibility of an annulment. Josphine was in the second, with her daughter, Hortense; her pregnant sister-in-law, Caroline Murat; and General Jean Rapp. Alexandre, uh, didnt seem to be the monogamous type. Installed in 1859, it stood in idyllic beauty in a park in Josphine's homeland, in Fort-de-France, Martinique, until 1991, when anti-racist protesters . Les Roses was published 181720 with 168 plates of roses; 7580 of the roses grew at Malmaison. [29] She had it landscaped in an English style, hiring landscapers and horticulturalists from the United Kingdom. During the Consulate (17991804) she was careful to cause no more scandals and used her social position to advance her husbands political fortunes. Things manage to get even worse when you learn that originally, Alexandre was supposed to marry Josephines younger sister Catherine. | Page 220", "Uncommon Caribbean - Beheaded Statue of Empress Josephine: Uncommon Attraction", "Anti-Racism Activists Destroy Statue Of Napoleon's First Wife Josephine In Martinique", "Galliano's Empire Line Shines for Givenchy", Josphine de Beauharnais (de Tascher de la Pagerie), Claude de Beauharnais, seigneur de Beaumont, Franois V, Marquis de La Fert-Beauharnais, Franois VI, Marquis de La Fert-Beauharnais, Josphine Tascher de La Pagerie (later Empress of the French), Eugnie, Princess of Hohenzollern-Hechingen, Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen, Prince Frederick, Duke of York and Albany, Charles William Ferdinand, Duke of Brunswick, Frederick Louis, Prince of Hohenlohe-Ingelfingen, Franois Alexandre Frdric, duc de la Rochefoucauld-Liancourt, Honor Gabriel Riqueti, comte de Mirabeau, Alexandre-Thodore-Victor, comte de Lameth, Louis Michel le Peletier de Saint-Fargeau, List of people associated with the French Revolution, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Josphine_de_Beauharnais&oldid=1141883378, Articles with unsourced statements from January 2021, Articles with unsourced statements from January 2023, Articles with unsourced statements from July 2020, Articles with unsourced statements from November 2021, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, Galliano said that his inspiration was dressing the pregnant rock star Madonna and then thinking "Empress Josephine.". It would seem that she did not learn from the downfall of Marie-Antoinette, to which opulence was a certain catalyst. However, there was one painter whom Josephine favored and commissioned more often than others, Antoine-Jean Gros. Then as now, when a major couple breaks up, people take sides. The coronation ceremony, officiated by Pope Pius VII, took place at Notre-Dame de Paris, on December 2. She is also related to the Prince of Monaco, and the royal houses of Italy, Romania, and Yugoslavia. The precise cause of her death is unknown. In Napoleons passionate letters to Josephine, he refers to her nether regions as the little black forest.. [2] And she did not use the name "Josphine" before meeting Napoleon, who was the first to call her such, perhaps from her middle name, Josphe. "Our Rose Varieties and their Malmaison Heritage". Okay, part of this may sound obvious, but I've always thought of Napoleon Bonaparte's first wife as this larger-than-life, scandalous figure, and always as an Empress. Did Josephine Bonaparte have rotten teeth? [19], On 11 March, Napoleon married Marie-Louise of Austria by proxy;[20] the formal ceremony took place at the Louvre in April. Historys most fascinating stories and darkest secrets, delivered to your inbox daily. Josephine always had an interest in art but it was with her marriage to her first husband that she would gain more access to art and artists. He still loved her and she loved him, but France needed an heir. Please reach out to us to let us know what youre interested in reading. This year marks the bicentennial of the death of Josephine Bonaparte, but Napoleon's empress has been having a moment for some time now. Josephine is one of the most famous historical figures from Martinique in the Caribbean, but it would be an understatement to say that her homeland is proud of her legacy. But thats not even the most scandalous part: Barras is actually the person who introduced Josephine to her second husband Napoleon. The party travelled in two carriages. We all know that when a girl and her pup have a special bond, the dog doesnt always take kindly to new lovers. Josphine and Alexandre's marriage was not a happy one. [6], By the time Alexandre's father had proposed in a letter, however, Catherine-Dsire had died. In her life before Napoleon, she went by the name of Rose, or Marie-Rose Tascher de la Pagerie, later de Beauharnais. After hurricanes destroyed their estate the family looked to improve their finances and Josephine was married in 1779 to Alexandre de Beauharnais, himself from a wealthy aristocratic family. She was no beauty, her teeth were rotten, and she was six years older than her husband, but one twitch of her skirt could bring running the man who terrorised Europe. Clearly, his nickname stuck. The story is rich in detail and insights into Josephine's life. By 1817 Napoleon's health had been deteriorating and he showed the early signs of a stomach ulcer or possibly . Brenner and Scanniello call her the "Godmother of modern rosomaniacs" and attribute her with our modern style of vernacular cultivar names as opposed to Latinized, pseudo-scientific cultivar names. The rose garden was begun soon after purchase; inspired by Dupont's love of roses. Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. She surrounded herself with creative people whose work ranged from paintings and sculpture to furniture and the architecture all around her. According to rumors, Josephine didnt just have intimate time with Barras. Josephines name quickly re-entered the newspapers when she claimed that her precious emerald jewelry had been stolen. [4] He seems to have lived in poverty there, but secured a position as a page for his son, Joseph-Gaspard (17351790) in the household of the Dauphine of France, Maria Josepha of Saxony. Talk about marrying up. He claimed to a friend, while in exile on Saint Helena, that "I truly loved my Josphine, but I did not respect her. Source for information on Josephine (1763-1814): Women . [4], After spending three years from 1752 in France, Joseph-Gaspard returned to Martinique and married Rose-Claire des Vergers de Sannois (17351807), whose maternal grandfather, Anthony Brown, may have been Irish. During the Reign of Terror, revolutionaries were suspicious of the aristocratic Alexandre and deeply unimpressed with his poor defence of Mainz during the French Revolutionary War. [citation needed] The Swedish royal family owns several pieces of jewelry frequently linked to Josphine, including the Leuchtenberg Sapphire Parure,[citation needed] a suite of amethyst jewels,[citation needed] and the Cameo Parure, worn by Sweden's royal brides. Josephine would never take another lover, but from that point on Napoleon felt free to do . Bechtel also feels that the popularity of roses as garden plants was boosted by Josephine's patronage. The final die was cast when Napoleons nephew Napolon Charles Bonaparte, who had been declared his heir, died of croup in 1807. Josphine, the eldest daughter of Joseph Tascher de La Pagerie, an impoverished aristocrat . Saint Lucia's frequent change of ownership between Britain and France could be seen as the reason her birthplace was left out of her birth record as it would have affected her nationality. On 2 March 1794, during the Reign of Terror, the Committee of Public Safety ordered the arrest of her husband. Brush your teeth at least twice a day and floss daily. Empress Josephine Bonaparte didnt enter the world as Josephine. Her name was actually, deep breath, Marie Josphe Rose Tascher de la Pagerie. 1. [5], Shortly before their coronation, there was an incident at the Chteau de Saint-Cloud that nearly sundered the marriage between the two. The marriages of her children Hortense (to Napoleons brother Louis) and Eugne (to the daughter of the king of Bavaria) seemed to establish her position, but her extravagance and, above all, her inability to give Napoleon a son put a strain on their marriage. Strap in. She wasn't born an empress. Even though England and France were at war, Englands major rose supplier could enter France because of his association with Josephine. By Andrea Stuart. The set depicts scenes from the myth of Cupid and Psyche, and the tiara is often worn by Bernadotte brides on their wedding day. Through the Leuchtenberg inheritance, the Norwegian royal family possesses an emerald and diamond parure said to have been Josphine's. The rose 'Souvenir de la Malmaison' appeared in 1844, 30 years after her death, named in her honor by a Russian Grand Duke planting one of the first specimens in the Imperial Garden in St. Petersburg. The person who wed Napoleon and Josephine wasnt officially allowed to do so, Josephine lied on the paperwork by claiming to be significantly younger than she really was, and Napoleon himself wrote down a fake birthday and address! In 1910, less than 100 years after her death, there were about 8000 rose types in Gravereaux's garden. Josphine retreated to her private residence at Malmaison, outside Paris, where she continued to entertain lavishly, with the emperor paying the bills. If so, Josephine was utterly diabolical. She remained on good terms with Napoleon, who once said that the only thing to come between them was her debts. The Malmaison and Tuileries Palace became centers for Napoleon's government but was recognized as an important place for the arts in any forms. Josphine was their first child, and they had two more: Catherine-Dsire in 1764 and Marie-Franoise in 1766. "My name is Josephine Bonaparte and I fell in the water by a waterfall in Martinique in the year 1794. Josephine insisted on delaying the party so she could drape her silk shawl justright. Not only was she six years older than her boy toy, Josephine had the added scandal of being a widow with two children. As Napoleon's consort, she was also Queen of Italy from 26 May 1805 until the 1810 annulment. Do you question the accuracy of a fact you just read? Empress Josephine never smiles with her teeth exposedand we now know that she did so for a dark reason. [citation needed] However, a number of these jewels were probably never a part of Josphine's collection at all, but instead belonged to other members of her family. While he would write his wife elaborate love letters about the intoxicating pleasures she gave him, Josephine was known to rarely even read Napoleons missives. The already disintegrating marriage would crumble in 1807, when a massive tragedy rocked the Bonaparte family. In the end, Josphine was engaged to Alexandre.[7]. Alexandre de Beauharnais was Josephine's first husband. Things were bad, but they would only get worse. In the past two decades, she has starred in at least 20 . When Napoleon was away on Campaign to Egypt in 1799, his wife Josephine bought this small castle with surrounding estate, just outside of Paris: Chteau de Malmaison. Scent of a Woman. Josephine then commissioned him to create a portrait of her husband, the then General Napoleon. In the 18th century, the word Creole signified someone of Caucasian French or Spanish extraction who was born and raised in the Carribeen. Josphine was a renowned spendthrift and Barras may have encouraged the relationship with Gnral Bonaparte in order to get her off his hands. The Burlington Magazine 117, no. Your image and the memory of last nights intoxicating pleasures has left no rest to my senses." Join thousands of others and start your morning with our Fact Of The Day newsletter. Talk about having a royal legacy. When we do, we depend on our loyal, helpful readers to point out how we can do better. Cavities and tooth decay are among the world's most common health problems. Josephine Bonaparte was Empress of the French as the wife of Emperor of the French as the first wife of Emperor Napoleon I. In a rage, he officially denounced the two lovers and his love for Josephine. Empress of the French, first wife of Napoleon (17631814), For her granddaughter, the Queen consort of Sweden and Norway, see, Consorts to debatable or disputed rulers are in, Several family members held additional titles in, Significant civil and political events by year. In the 18th century, the word Creole signified someone of Caucasian French or Spanish extraction who was born and raised in the Caribbean. The same, sadly, could not be said for the many bystanders who were injured or outright killed in the blast. [citation needed], Madame de Beauharnais had affairs with several leading political figures, including Paul Franois Jean Nicolas Barras. There, they learned to read, write, sing, dance, and embroider for four years. Napoleon is the ancestor of none. Made in the first decade of the nineteenth century by Marie-tienne Nitot, Napolon's court jeweler, the . Napoleons mother and sister had heard all about Josephines rumored dalliances with Barras and Tallien, and they werenotimpressed with their new in-law. Her great interest in horticulture is well-known, but she also liked all things artistic. Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. Thanks for your time! They had a son, Eugne, and a daughter, Hortense, who later married Louis Bonaparte, Napoleon's brother. Instead of taking a young inexperienced woman to be his bride, Napoleon chose a gal who knew her way around the bedroom. Treatment for advanced stages of rotten teeth. Josephine became a patron to several different artists, helping to build their careers though their connection to her. . Her expression is good humoured, but thoughtful . A few years ago I saw an . [5], Her husband was accused of having poorly defended Mainz in July 1793, and being considered an aristocratic suspect, was sentenced to death and guillotined with his cousin Augustin on 23 July 1794, on the Place de la Rvolution (today Place de la Concorde) in Paris. On 23 June, 1763, Marie-Joseph Rose de Tascher de la Pagerie was born on the plantation known as the Trois-lets in Martinique. During the Reign of Terror, Josphine's first husband had been guillotined. One set, the family's parure of cameo jewels, is often specifically said to have been worn by Josphine. Eugne's sister Hortense was 13 when Josephine married Napoleon. Upon meeting with Gros and seeing his work, Josephine asked him to come back to Milan with her and to live in her residences. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. Napoleon boasted that power was an aphrodisiac and that "I take women and forget them". Josphine was described as being of average height, svelte, shapely, with silky, long, chestnut-brown hair, hazel eyes, and a rather sallow complexion. Josphine, original name Marie-Josphe-Rose Tascher de La Pagerie, also called (177996) vicomtesse de Beauharnais or (17961804) Josphine Bonaparte, (born June 23, 1763, Trois-lets, Martiniquedied May 29, 1814, Malmaison, France), consort of Napoleon Bonaparte and empress of the French. [4] While living on Martinique, de Beauharnais had a son, Alexandre, by his wife. European royals had a notorious habit of marrying their own relatives, and Josephines family was no different. Josephine would commission Canova again for another sculpture called Paris. Gros, upon hearing that Josephine would be visiting Genoa, worked to get an introduction knowing that the association with Josephine would help him become more well-known. ", After the divorce, Josphine lived at the Chteau de Malmaison, near Paris. At the time, Napoleon was annoyed with his brides demands, but her fastidiousness ended up saving his life. In 1779, Josphine set sail to France to marry Alexandre. Thanks for your help! Josephine as a supporter and patron of Gros, aided him in becoming a central conduit for the message that the government was trying to disseminate about the rule of the Emperor in that time. Our credibility is the turbo-charged engine of our success. To a wealthy white family that owned a sugar plantation in Martinique, Creole. Have questions about Vidocqs miraculous solve this was unknown to Empress Marie Louise of Austria is fascinating... Hortense ; her pregnant sister-in-law, Caroline Murat ; and General Jean Rapp hands. Scandal of being a widow with two children the 18th century, family... Her boy toy, Josephine couldnt hide her pain catherine of Aragon is infamous! 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